Anaerobic bacteria
From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference
Anaerobic bacteria are a variety of bacteria that do not require oxygen for growth.
Kamin's daughter Meribor analyzed the soil of the planet Kataan shortly before its sun went nova and realized that it was completely dead. It didn't even contain anaerobic bacteria, as the high radiation levels of the dying sun effectively sterilized the soil. (TNG: "The Inner Light")
