Central Bureau of Penology

From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference.

The Central Bureau of Penology, located in Stockholm, Eurasia-NE on Earth, was the controlling authority for the Tantalus Penal Colony in the late 23rd century. It served as a clearinghouse for research conducted at the Tantalus facility. (TOS: "Dagger of the Mind")

It is likely that this authority supervised the activity of all Federation penal colonies, and coordinated all of their research.