Explosive decompression

From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference

Explosive decompression is a violent, sudden drop in ambient air pressure that occurs within one tenth of a second.

Disabling (or the failure of) the containment field around the shuttlebays or cargo bays or a major hull breach onboard a starship in space (or any environment of substantially lower pressure) will result in an explosive decompression. (TNG: "Contagion", "Disaster")

Opening the shuttlebay or cargo bay hatch without the containment field will also have the same result - on a Galaxy-class starship, decompressing the main shuttlebay causes a reaction sufficient to move the ship slightly. In 2368, the USS Enterprise-D decompressed its main shuttlebay in order to avoid a collision with the USS Bozeman. (TNG: "Cause and Effect")

One of Dukat's duties, when he was a Glinn serving aboard the Cardassian starship Kornaire, was to clean out a compartment where three men had been killed by explosive decompression. In 2374, he would tell Benjamin Sisko that "I didn't sleep for a week after that". (DS9: "Waltz")

While in command of the USS Voyager in 2374, Chakotay ordered an explosive decompression to kill off the Borg in the cargo bay.

During the Battle of the Bassen Rift, the Reman warbird Scimitar launched a volley of photon torpedoes at the USS Enterprise-E's bridge, resulting in an explosive decompression which killed Lieutenant Branson. (Star Trek Nemesis)