Navigational log

From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference

A navigational log was a log of a starship's prior locations, movements and trajectories.

In 2153, after boarding a Xindi-Primate starship, the crew of the Enterprise NX-01 found that most of the ship's computer core – including its navigational logs – had been erased. (ENT: "Stratagem")

In 2371, when the USS Voyager encountered a type-4 quantum singularity, in an attempt to escape it, they appeared to have returned to the singularity despite traveling 1.4 light-years away from it. Tuvok declared that there might have been an error in the navigational logs. (VOY: "Parallax")

In 2373, the crew of the USS Defiant downloaded the navigational logs from a prior run into the ship's auto-pilot in an effort to exactly duplicate the ship's previous trajectory and travel back in time. (DS9: "Children of Time")