Shalaft's Syndrome

From Memory Alpha, the free Star Trek reference

Shalaft's Syndrome is a rare, congenital birth defect sometimes found in Human males. The disorder usually manifested itself in early childhood; the primary symptom was an acute hypersensitivity to sound – even the slightest whisper could cause one who had this syndrome severe pain.

All of the male members of Jean-Luc Picard's family were diagnosed with and treated for Shalaft's Syndrome when they were young. Picard's condition was treated, but his hearing was still highly acute. As an ensign, he could sense subtleties as faint as a starship's torque sensors out of alignment by three microns. (Star Trek: Insurrection, Star Trek Nemesis)

Because he was a clone of Picard, Shinzon also developed the syndrome shortly after he was created. (Star Trek Nemesis)